Schizophrenia And Its Effects On Mental Illness - 1538 Words

Schizophrenia is a mental illness that is in a very small amount of the population, 1 in 100 people (1% of the population). Symptoms of schizophrenia include, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior, not much emotion if any is present, as well as speech and socializations issues. Ways to treat schizophrenia are very limited to antipsychotic drugs and therapy. Although there is not one cause to this illness found, there are many factors that explain the cause or result in having schizophrenia. Substance abuse and stress are also contributing factors in schizophrenia when it comes to patients with this illness having violent personalities as well as suicidal thoughts. Most research that has been conducted has shown that this is an illness that is usually inherited. Someone that has a relative that has schizophrenia that they are closely related to has a greater chance to inherit it than someone who does not have any relatives with the illness. Idententical twins hav e also been studied and found that â€Å"an identical twin of a person with schizophrenia has the highest risk 40 to 50 percent of developing illness. A child whose parent has schizophrenia has about a 10 percent chance† (Mentalhealth.com, Leonard Holmes). This all connects to the biological aspect of having this disorder but other issues that have been connected to people with schizophrenia are prenatal complications. A study by Thomas F. McNeil and Elizabeth Cantor-Graae, was done to analyze theShow MoreRelatedSchizophrenia And Its Effects On Mental Illness Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesSchizophrenia Schizophrenia is a mental illness that interferes with a person’s ability to think clearly, manage emotions, decision making, and relate to others. It’s a long-term medical illness affecting 1% of Americans. The causes of schizophrenia include genetics, environment, brain chemistry, and substance abuse. Schizophrenia occurs roughly in 10%of people who have a first-degree relative with the disorder such as a parent or sibling. (NAMI: National Alliance on Mental Illness | What is SchizophreniaRead MoreSchizophrenia And Its Effects On Mental Illness1388 Words   |  6 PagesSchizophrenia is a â€Å"serious mental disorder characterised by severe disruptions in psychological functioning and a loss of contact with reality† (Meldrum Wilson, 2009). The main question that arises from the many studies looking at schizophrenia and violence is does schizophrenia itself make an individual violent or are there other factors from the mental illness that contribute to this? A ccording to Fazel, Guati, Linsell, Geddes and Grahn (2009), before the 1980’s many people made no connectionRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesMental health is being successful in doing mental functions resulting in being able to form relationships with other people, getting things done and having the ability to work around problems and stress. Your mental health can affect how you think, act and feel. Over the years of your life, your mental health is shaped by the events that you have experienced such as abuse or trauma. Having a healthy mind is just as important as having a healthy body. Conversely, just like how you can get a diseaseRead MoreSarah and Angela The Many Misconceptions and Misunderstandings of Schizophrenia Misunderstood with1200 Words   |  5 PagesAngela The Many Misconceptions and Misunderstandings of Schizophrenia Misunderstood with the assistance of popular stigmas and stereotypes, schizophrenia and its severity is often degraded and overlooked by the public. Wrongly feared and shunned, individuals with schizophrenia have too commonly been judged throughout human history and even today. Many aspects of the disease are failed to be truly understood and represented, from the effects of the disease to the availability of treatment. FavoredRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1077 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Schizophrenias is a serious mental illness characterized by incoherent or illogical thoughts, bizarre behavior and speech, and delusions or hallucinations, such as hearing voices (APA,2015). I choose to touch on the topic of schizophrenia because I always been interested the topic itself. The one thing I wondered is if there are different stages of schizophrenia and why it may be hard to diagnose. Schizophrenia is a mental disease that’s very hard to pinpoint in a person, whichRead MoreMental Illness: The Main Symptoms of Schizophrenia 1546 Words   |  7 Pages Mental illness is seen throughout society as a negative subject, many suffer through not only with the disorders but, also the shame that comes along. In this article we will look at one of the most severe mental disorders in hopes of achieving a better knowledge of the disorder and to debunk some of the misconceptions of having a mental disorder. Approximately fifty million Americans suffer from mental illness. Of those fifty million only about twenty-five percent seek help due to the stigmaRead MoreIs Schizophrenia A Mental Disorder? Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects many elements of the body and mind. This mental illness causes people to lose touch with reality Schizophrenia (2016). People with this illness suffer from hallucinations, paranoia, hearing voices, fear and persecutory delusion, which affects a person’s ability to think, feels, and behaves clearly. Most people with thinks illness are usually between the ages 16 and 30. Researchers have not found an exact cause of this disease but rather it is geneticallyRead MoreLiving with Schizophrenia1814 Words   |  7 PagesLiving with Schizophrenia What effects does a person undergo living with Schizophrenia? At some point, an individual might have a relative, or heard of someone, or even experienced itself of suffering from Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that affects many people throughout the world. People living with this mental disorder may depend on a family member or someone close to take care of him/her. Certain individuals have a good chance of inheriting Schizophrenia, if a familyRead MoreSchizophreni The Most Devastating Mental Illness1706 Words   |  7 PagesNov 2014 Research paper Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is often times referred to as one of the most devastating mental illness. This is because of it early onset in a patients live, and also that the symptoms can be destructive not only to the patient but also their family and friends. Schizophrenia is often discussed as a single illness, but schizophrenia can include a wide array of disorders which can present many similar behavioral symptoms. More than likely schizophrenia comprises a whole groupRead MoreEssay about The Portrayal of Schizophrenia in Me, Myself, and Irene1178 Words   |  5 Pages Most people gather what they know about mental illnesses from television and film. Unfortunately these media portrayals are inaccurate and create stigma. They depict people suffering from mental illnesses as different, dangerous and laughable. Characters are often addicted to drugs or alcohol, are violent, dangerous, or out of control. Horror film characters like Norman Bates in Psycho, Jack Torrance in the Shining, or Hannibal Lecter in Silence of the Lambs associate the typical psycho- killer

Hip Hop Dance And The Entertainment Industry - 1369 Words

Hip-Hop Dance and the Entertainment Industry Over the course of this semester we have studied Ballet, Modern, and World dance genres. First of I have nothing against those genres of dance, but the type of dance that interests me is Hip-Hop dance. In this paper, I am going to discuss the relationship of hip-hop dance and the entertainment industry today. I will talk about shows, movies, and celebrities of their relationship with the hip-hop dance culture. I will also discuss how the subject of the entertainment affects the dance, and even how it affects the actual dancer. In the next paragraph, I will discuss the relationship with hip-hop shows, and the entertainment industry. Throughout the 2000’s there has been many shows that have been involved with the music and entertainment industry. But there has not been many related to hip-hop dance, and its culture. One show that became popular in the United States is Americas Best Dance Crew. This show brought hip-hop dance to a whol e new level regarding the entertainment industry. The show started in 2008, and has had eight seasons on MTV. MTV is normally for the music and the reality TV so this show had some questions about premiering on this network. The first season was by far the biggest. The winner was a group called the Jabbawockeez, they are one of the most well-known hip-hop dance groups in the world. After winning the competition the entertainment industry came calling. In fact, â€Å"They have performed on the EllenShow MoreRelatedThe History of Disk Jockeys1691 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopments in the Lindbergh kidnapping, Block played records and created the illusion that he was broadcasting from a ballroom, with the nations top dance bands performing live. The show, which he called Make Believe Ballroom, was an instant hit. The term disc jockey appeared in print in Variety in 1941.[5] In 1943, Jimmy Savile launched the worlds first DJ dance party by playing jazz records in the upstairs function room of the Loyal Order of Ancient Shepherds in Otley, England. In 1947, he became theRead MoreHip Hop : A Negative Phenomenon1617 Words   |  7 Pagesthat the commercialization of hip is a negative phenomenon. Many hip hop fans seem to hold this opinion because they believe that the quality of music from today’s rappers has drastically decreased. However, the difficulty arises in determining whether the ‘commercialization’ of hip hop should be considered a positive or negative phenomenon. There are strong advocates for both of these judgements with convincing points to support their beliefs. The history of hip hop is important to understand inRead MoreHip Hop Culture Then Vs. Now1548 Words   |  7 PagesHip-hop Culture Then Vs. Now Hip-hop is an underground urban movement which emerged in the South Bronx, NY during the early 1970s. Hip-hop is composed of four basic elements; DJ-ing, emceeing (rapping), graffiti and style, and break dancing. These elements are how most people recognize hip-hop culture. Many other people think of hip-hop as just a music genre, but it is more than just a music genre. It is cultivating way of living, and several people fail to understand its true meaningRead MoreHip Hop, A And Creative Aspect Of Music928 Words   |  4 PagesBreaking through in the heart of the Bronx, Hip Hop was designed to empower and teach the youth, while providing them an outlet for creative expression. Developed on five essential pillars, all working towards: giving African Americans knowledge that they didn’t have access to, inspiring them to read and acquire true knowledge of self, and to understand the role that self has in America in relation to the actual worth of self. Since the ince ption of Hip Hop, the genre has evolved through the times whileRead More Music - The Hip-hop Movement Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesThe Hip-hop Movement Hip-hop has become a new cultural phenomenon in North America and has become quite popular all over the world. Hip-hop began in the 1970s in New York City where it has its origins in the African-American community. However, because of music videos, Hip-hop culture has become accessible to everyone in society and has merged into mainstream pop culture. Hip-hop culture may not have been as popular if it was not for the accessibility of this new media. The Hip-hop movementRead MoreThe Importance Of Kpop1317 Words   |  6 PagesKpop is slowly entering to many western areas and is spreading around the world thanks to their â€Å"promotional strategies.† South-Korean pop is an abbreviation of kpop, an infusion of combined music, powerful dance routines, and fashionable clothing. Kpop music is a mixture of RB, electro, hip-hop, disco, and rock. These types of genres are more focused on groups rather than solo acts. Though an average size of a group is from 4-7 members either in a boy or girl group. Most of the songs are in KoreanRead MoreWhy is the study of dance history important1848 Words   |  8 PagesWhy is the study of dance history important? To fully understand the history of dance we must look at what dance means to us today in our every day lives. How does dance influence what you do on a day to day basis, how has it shaped who you’ve come to be. I see dance today as both an art form, and something used socially to draw people together usually for celebratory purposes. Living in New York gives you the opportunity to come across various forms of dance. You could be taking the train and encounterRead MoreHip-Hop’s Beneficial Influences on Teens1081 Words   |  5 PagesHip-Hop’s Beneficial Influences Hip Hop is a genre of music that was born around 70’s. This type of music doesn’t really involve singing but words that are spoken. Hip Hop is in a poetic form with simple phrases and it usually has end rhyme. The music genre known as Hip-Hop produces positive effects on teenagers of this generation. Hip Hop is this great form of music that is very much poetic and almost hypnotizing. It uses old classics of music that people already love and throws funky loopedRead MoreThe Effects Of Hip Hop Music On Adolescents862 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Hip-Hop Music on Adolescents Music is a significant part of the lives of most people all over the world. In the United States, people listen to more than 25 hours each week [1]. Hip-hop makes up a large percentage of adolescent music genre preference. It goes without saying that this overwhelming presence of music in the lives of so many people will have a psychological effect on American culture and our way of life. But how exactly is Hip Hop affecting us psychologically and culturallyRead MoreHip Hop Culture And Rap Music996 Words   |  4 PagesOver the past few years, hip-hop culture and rap music has stirred up controversy throughout America and it’s media. Whether it is Dr. Dre’s 1992 hit single â€Å"A Nigga Witta Gun† or Bobby Shmurda’s 2014 hit single â€Å"Hot Nigga† that boasts about shooting other African-Americans, it seems that the media has denounced the hip-hop culture and criticized them for the continuous increase on inner-city youth violence. If people would just listen closer to hip-hop’s message instead of assuming it has negative

The Bone Of Conflict For Criticism On Feminism - 2546 Words

Estenes 1 Joseph Estenes Professor Hayward English 151-DL1 5/13/17 The Trifles of Feminism Criticism Introduction The bone of conflict for criticism on feminism s activist hypothesis is focused on the treatment of ladies living in a patriarchal society. Feminism s activists brought up issues regarding why women were being constrained into a place of subordination, and their problems took a gander at with minimal significance. Susan Glaspell s story Trifles portrays the predicament of ladies and their subordination while subversively remarking on the negative impacts this had on the female mind. Trifles starts with an examination concerning the murder of John Wright, which happens at his homestead house. His better half, Mrs.†¦show more content†¦Diminishes: Oh, her natural product; it froze. She stressed over that when it turned so cool. She said the terminated go out and her jugs would break. Sound: Well, ladies are accustomed to stressing over Trifles (Glaspell, 1043). The women voice is hushed by the man s inability to perceive her worries as real. At the point when given a fear fro m a lady, rather than focusing, the people reject the women and their perceptions and quiet them from talking further. This distances the women, putting them in a lower status. Of this Luce Irigaray say, An immediate female test to this condition implies requesting to talk as a (masculine) subject, that is, it intends to propose a connection to the comprehensible that would keep up sexual distinction (570). By Glaspell taking an interest in the ordinance of writing and conveying regard for the female issue of subordination, she is testing and requesting to talk in masculine terms, as guys ruled paper. As indicated by Judith Fetterley American Literature is male. Our writing neither allows ladies to sit unbothered nor enables them to take part (561). Glaspell smashes this. She is taking an interest in a sort of artistry that was seen as overwhelmingly male. Additionally, she not just gave her female characters a participatory part, they had the most critical role, while the men were auxiliary and practically unnecessary. Addressing the quieting of voices, Glaspell expresses, Mrs. Peters:Show MoreRelatedMargaret Atwood s Happy Endings1447 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the roles of women, while some interpret it that a functional story needs character development and a purpose. In essence, Atwood’s role as a civil right activist influenced her short story â€Å"Happy Endings†, which is a social and literary criticism, exposing humanity’s inherent desire for results rather than the process of the journey itself. Atwood’s inspiration for her early works depicts her feminist views, attributing her role as a civil activist. Always interested in civil activism, AtwoodRead MoreThe Violence Of Black Lives2507 Words   |  11 PagesNonetheless, BLM does receive a great number of criticisms. Some people point out that it wouldn t last. The movement is blamed for its having no coherent structure and no powerful leadership that it will eventually fail. Opponents said that Black Lives Matter actually worsened race relations in America, pointing to the polls that show Americans opinions about race relations being worse in recent years, but BLM supporters asserted just because they have pointed out racism in America doesn t meanRead MoreTheme Comparison3403 Words   |  14 Pagesâ€Å"The Necklace† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† use different forms of literary works like a short story and a poem to express gender roles in marriage. Short stories consist of myths, legends, fables, parables, and tales. They usually feature a plot with conflict, setting, a clear time frame, characters, a point of view, theme, and stylistic features. Short stories are usually considered a fictional narrative with a formal design, however; they are tending to resemble more on real-life situations (ClugstonRead MoreCosi Madness5345 Words   |  22 Pagesfreaked out she did. See, I figured Id wait a couple of hours till the cats were dead and mum was feeling a bit sorry for herself, and Id go up to the front door and Id knock on it and Id say, Hi, Mum! Im here to talk about our unresolved conflicts. Doug: But oh no, One of those FUCKING cats ran into the house; a couple of minutes the whole bloody house was on fire. Within half an hour there was no front door to knock on. Doug: Yeah, if it wasnt for that damn cat, I wouldnt be in hereRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslate 1860s to the 1890s, as well as the social tensions and political rivalries that generated and were in turn fed by imperialist expansionism, one cannot begin to comprehend the causes and consequences of the Great War that began in 1914. That conflict determined the contours of the twentieth century in myriad ways. On the one hand, the war set in motion transformative processes that were clearly major departures from those that defined the nineteenth-century world order. On the other, it perverselyRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pagesmonarchs of the time wanted to secure such a profitable route, and the ever-ambitious Columbus devised plans to sail to the Indies to earn rewards of power, money, and fame. The ambitions of the rulers and of the explorer would eventually lead to conflict between them. His estimations of the distances involved were extremely inaccurate (he believed them to be much closer than they actually were). Royal experts in various countries (Portugal, Genoa, and Venice) continually advised their monarchs

Nursing Assignment Based on a Case Study

Question: Discuss the Nursing Assignment Based on a Case Study. Answer: Introduction The advancement of the medical science with simultaneous rise in the impacts of globalization in every sphere of life has hugely affected the healthcare service as well. The changes and modifications existing in the healthcare sectors are evident through references available from evidence based practices. The healthcare working community recognizes the importance of a co-operative and well equipped infrastructural setting to impart improved healthcare access to persons in need. Clinicians, medical practitioners, surgeons, specialized physicians, registered and enrolled nurses along with other medical support staff comprise the basic structural organization within a healthcare facility. The role of the nurses are vital in ensuring speedy recovery of the patients through provision of person centered care, suitable therapeutic intervention suited to specific case situations. The duties and responsibilities expected out of practicing nurses are guided by relevant code of ethics, policies and legislations as put forward by the competent authorities. Case study evaluation following definite analytical and reasoning skills might provide an overview into the actual scenario that resulted in repercussions. In view of this fact, a case study as reported in case of a 64 year old male patient named Jon Lee who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery in a hospital and the consecutive events and complications that followed post surgery will be discussed in order to assess and review the situational demands and loopholes in the healthcare service that prompted such consequences. The roles performed by the nurses in this specific case are also scrutinized to understand the limitations and fallacies that underpin the healthcare service. Guidelines for nurses employed in the gastroenterological wards may be considered for examining their practice modalities (Nuutinen and Rannos 2013). The discussion carried hereafter will be based upon the legal, ethical and professional practice issues. The vital issues as detected through insightful analysis revealed three key aspects that culminated in negative health outcome in the concerned patient. Negligence of care, faulty hospital operational policy and lack of culturally safe nursing practice were found to be the prime causative factors. Therefore, the assessment referring to the case study will discuss on the ethical, legal and practice methods for the nursing professional so as to get an overview of the working modalities in a healthcare setting. Negligence of care According to the case study observed for Mr. Lee, certain breach of practice was observed on the part of the registered nurse (RN), Ms. Colleen Price who was assigned to look after him in the night shift at the extended day unit (EDU) of the hospital. Mr. Lee was subjected to a laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation on the same day, when the RN took over his case and therefore demanded undivided attention from the nursing professionals ends to cater to his medical demands. Post operation, Mr. Lee reported of experiencing abdominal pain and distension. In response to the patients concern and routine examination by the attending medical officer (MO) at the hospital via consultation with the authoritarian surgeon prescribed analgesia (10 mg Morphine SC) to be administered on a pro re nata basis 6 hourly to ameliorate the reported symptoms. However, the RN having professional experience of five years was found to not document the administration of any such analgesia during her shift hour s. During her shift timing tenure, RN documented the vital signs of the post operative care patient, Mr. Lee comprising of the note of parameters such as body temperature, pulse count and blood pressure at only one instance. No other follow up of the vital sign variables were documented during the entire night by the RN. Moreover, the RN was found faulty of not seeking any sort of assistance from the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) when required, located adjacent to the EDU, although the hospital decorum and guidelines provided enough scope to do so. Unfortunately, these breach of conduct and failure to apply experienced nursing knowledge into proper practice as evident in case of Ms. Price to address the conditions of Mr. Lee harbored negative implications and the limitations of the nurse may be identified through the following discussions and analysis. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) has developed Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia that provides uniform guidel ines for the nurses to uphold the fundamental human rights standards and ethical values in their professional practice by virtue of ethical decision making ability. The codes outlines the ethical virtues that are expected out of a nurse and primarily emphasis is laid on valuing quality nursing care for everyone alike, respect and kindness for self as well as others, diversity among people, accessibility to proper nursing and healthcare service, concept of informed decision making, culture of safety within healthcare and nursing facility, ethical maintenance of information ensuring privacy and confidentiality of the data procured and finally valuing a socio-economically and ecologically sustainable surrounding to foster well being and healthy life (NMBA 2007). A nurse attaining a level of expert clinical competency through proper training and acquired knowledge base supported by enough experience and critical decision making skills is bound to work in compliance with the context or t he country where she has been appointed (Grace 2013). The four pillars of bioethics consisting of the vital components of justice, autonomy, non-maleficence and beneficence also enlighten the nursing ethical practice (Butts and rich 2012). Another crucial part of the nursing job that is often overlooked or undermined during practice is that of integrated record keeping and documentation of the patient data conforming to confidentiality, authenticity, durability, accessibility, relevance, completeness and comprehensiveness (Staunton and Chiarella 2012). Need for highly sophisticated and round the clock monitoring specifically for post operative patients have been highlighted in studies to aid in risk assessment and plan future intervention accordingly (Rothrock 2014). Reports suggest following of three basic theories of descriptive, predictive and explanatory types in nursing practice to facilitate good understanding of the patients situations (Parahoo 2014). Breach of conduct in sta ndard practice in terms of not abiding by the Standards 1, 4, 6, 7 and 9 as put forward by the NMBA was observed in the particular case with respect to the RNs attitude towards the patient care (NMBA, 2016). Negligence is normally associated with civil law and criminal prosecution follows in cases where indifference, inattention or failure from the nurses ends towards an obvious risk to injury of the patient are established (Griffith and Tengnah, 2014). Further, knowledge in nursing practice has been interrelated to four key sects such as empirical, aesthetic, personal and ethical that paves the way for reflective service outcomes in clinical setting (Heaton 2014). However, in the referred case study all these ethical and legal issues pertinent to nursing was not stringently complied that might have lead to exacerbation of the patient condition. Faulty Hospital Policy Referring to the cases study of Mr. Lee, it was inferred that the EDU on the day of the happening was not sufficiently equipped in terms of engagements of the healthcare staff in the concerned ward of 12 bed capacity. One RN and another enrolled nurse (EN) only were in charge of the ill patients of variable distress levels and complexities. Thus the patient to healthcare provider ratio was insufficient to meet the workload. The condition of two of the patients out of the total number of 12 patients were found to be quite critical as well when one was continuously vomiting post appendectomy and the other was experiencing urinary retention following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP). Moreover, a sole female patient admitted in the same ward, possessing certain religious notions and prejudices as well as inadequate English language proficiency added to the complexity of the situation in the EDU on that night when Ms. Price and the other EN was on duty. Yet another drawback in the functioning of the hospital policy was noticed as the PACU RN made futile attempt to check and make contact with the ED nurses for any assistance when the EDU nurses themselves were overburdened with severe work pressure thereby unable to communicate effectively with the PACU nurses over telephonic conversations. Thus telephonic mode of communication was found to be inappropriate in demanding situations. Additionally the patient handover technique during the change of shift for the nurses was detected to be erroneous and unsatisfactory as no evidence supported the smooth transfer of duty from Ms. Price to the morning hour nurse due to lack of awareness regarding the deteriorating health status of Mr. Lee during the immediate phase that preceded the later events. Hence these inherent flaws that affected the reputation of the relevant hospital due to defective operational strategy applicable to the hospital failed to fulfill the immediate requirements and assess the futuristic outcomes of patient named Mr. Lee in his post operative sessions. The limitations, thus identified may be re-examined under legal and organizational operational framework contexts. Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH) program conducted in the Australian domicile aimed to provide insight into the various reliable and valid data collection procedures to cater the ever-changing needs of the diverse patients pertinent to their health states through general physician (GP) and patient interactive encounters, evaluate the patient risk factors and health conditions as well as propagate an ongoing database information for GP-patient encounter. An overall well coordinated and equipped infrastructure is imperative to serve quality service to the sick patients (Britt et al. 2013). Education, clinical experience and competence resulting in endorsement and straightforwardness determine the nurses scope of practice within the Australian region. However the situation of clinical prac tice constrained by jurisdictional and regulatory restrictions are found to hinder the scope of nursing practice to its full capacity (Scanlon et al. 2016). Lack of effective communication among the nursing and associated staff within a hospital facility have been found to impair the teamwork output thereby obstructing the holistic mode of care (Masters 2015). The standards of practice for the nurses in Australia have fore grounded the relationship between the ethical and nature of nursing and the importance of translating evidence into actual practice as per the situational necessity (Cashin et al. 2016). Share of duty and excessive workload are found to impact the patient outcomes declining the quality of service offered to them (Chang and Daly 2015). Extensive literature reviews defined the professional nursing accountability in a comprehensive and reliable manner where the nurses are entitled to perform their assigned jobs in a legally and ethically suitable manner (Krautscheid 2014). Inter-professional collaboration and clinical decision making has been found to potentially enhance through adequate teamwork and exchange of views among colleagues in a healthcare facility (Lapkin, Levett-Jones and Gilligan 2013). The national principles for development of decision making tools as put forwarded by NMBA may be helpful in this regard (NMBA 2010). Thus in view of the facts and information acquired through literatures, books and published articles and referring to the mentioned case study a congenial atmosphere with sufficient provision for all facilities are vital to improved healthcare service in a hospital setting. Lack of culturally safe mode of nursing practice In context to Mr. Lees case, the RN Ms. Price failed to consider the clinical consequences of the deteriorating health condition of the patient evident from the observations obtained via the vital signs that belonged to the yellow zone of clinical implications. Case appropriate decisions were not followed subsequently that lead to further decline in the health condition. Lack of analytical reasoning and inability to predict the futuristic mode of treatment to assess Mr. Lees condition harbored negative implications. Further the night on which the RN and EN were engaged in their respective duties in the EDU indicated acute and stressful situations. Ms. Price was reported to be exhausted to address Mr. Lees situation in addition to other patients demanding circumstances. Thus person centered care was compromised due to severe workload and inadequate supporting staff. Moreover, evidences from the following day after the transfer of duty from the night shift nurses to morning shift nursi ng professional revealed that after documentation of the vital parameters of Mr. Lee that belonged to the red zone, the morning shift nurse failed to immediately assess the gravity of the situation. Approximately after a lapse of 45 minutes a PACE phone call was made to report the debilitating health condition of the patient. Thus this delay in making contact with the appropriate authority to seek medical help and guidance breached the safety standard of professional nursing practice that lead to negative outcomes in the patient. Dearth of competency, lack of professionalism and unstable case related evaluation failed to assess the risk pertaining to ensuing bowel obstruction through increased pain levels. Therefore, paucity of culturally congruent safe practices was found to hinder the patients recovery process in the case of Mr. Lee and the effects may be discussed thoroughly with reference to the various codes of conduct and legal frameworks applicable to healthcare setting. Stud ies emphasize on the investment in evidence based and contemporary education by virtue of a competent, capable and resilient workforce deployment. The roles of coaches and educators are found to be pivotal in imparting knowledge to the nursing practitioners in course of their continuous development process in this regard. Absence of competency may lead to serious errors thwarting the patients health status (Duff 2013). Utilization of just culture principles through case based nursing peer review emphasized on medication reconciliation process, identification of deep tissue injury and bowel management regimes as the recognized educational necessities to address the patients health condition. Screening of surgical patients for opioid tolerance that may be corroborated in the given case study has also been emphasized in relevant studies as well (Jochem, Scott and Stuckman 2015). Handoff functions following verbal as well as sophisticated experimental techniques have been recommended in relevant studies to foster quality healthcare service to patients suitable for medical and surgical settings (Staggers and Blaz 2013). NMBA has proposed national competency standards for registered nurses including certain specific domains to ensure safe and culturally congruent integrated nursing care practice. The domains mentioned considers professional practice, critical thinking and analysis, provision to coordination of care and collaborative, therapeutic practice as the key aspects to maintain professional competency and retain the accountability of the nursing professional in the job (NMBA 2015). Literature review regarding patient-centered care revealed three core themes ensuring patient safety which include patient participation and involvement, the association between patient and healthcare provider, and the situation in which the care is delivered (Kitson et al., 2013). Forecasting the patient outcomes beforehand and taking precautionary measures in accordance with the existing guidelines and policies relevant to the specific patient situation within an ethically and legally sound healthcare infrastructure was thus found to generate positive results in the patients and ensure quicker recovery. Conclusion Drawing evidences from the given case study it was revealed that Ms. Price, the RN on duty in charge of Mr. Lee undergoing post operative care in the hospital EDU was guilty of breaching her sense of responsibilities and professional competency standards due to inappropriate and inadequate code of conduct at various instances. Other issues pertinent to hospital operational policies were found to affect the patients declining health status. Hospital staffing ratio again interrupted the normal functioning of the hospital setting. Lack of culturally safe and acceptable working modality was another crucial factor harming the patient and causing severe distress. All these crucial aspects and nagging problems added to worsening of Mr. Lees condition in the given scenario. In the Australian context, specific codes and guidelines associated to legal and ethical grounds have been improvised and implemented by the NMBA to aid in the nursing practice and foster quality healthcare service to the persons in need. Summarizing the information procured from the published articles and books it is opined that the healthcare professionals particularly the nursing staff who remain in active contact with the patients during their care delivery process must maintain optimum level of competence conforming to the prevalent legislations and ethical codes through enough prudence and pragmatism. Awareness regarding the current and existing laws and practices relevant to nursing practice has also been assigned as pivotal prerequisites to continue professional practice. However, competent authorities should also make effort to arrange for programs and training sessions to impart substantiate knowledge and evidences regarding specific case situations for enhancing the nursing skills among the practicing nursing personnel. In fine, it is suggested that a holistic approach through effective collaboration from all ends of working healthcare personnel be upheld to facilitate quality healthcare service for patients in dire crisis and ensure improved state of living. References: Britt, H., Miller, G.C., Henderson, J., Bayram, C., Valenti, L., Harrison, C., Charles, J., Pan, Y., Zhang, C., Pollack, A.J. and O'Halloran, J., 2013.General Practice Activity in Australia 2012-13: BEACH: Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health(No. 33). Sydney University Press. Butts, J.B. and Rich, K.L., 2012.Nursing ethics. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Cashin, A., Heartfield, M., Bryce, J., Devey, L., Buckley, T., Cox, D., Kerdo, E., Kelly, J., Thoms, D. and Fisher, M., 2016. Standards for practice for registered nurses in Australia.Collegian. Chang, E. and Daly, J., 2015.Transitions in nursing: preparing for professional practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Duff, B., 2013. Creating a culture of safety by coaching clinicians to competence.Nurse education today,33(10), pp.1108-1111. Grace, P.J., 2013.Nursing ethics and professional responsibility in advanced practice. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Griffith, R. and Tengnah, C., 2014.Law and professional issues in nursing. Learning Matters. Heaton, L., 2014. Legal aspects of nursing.Kozier Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing Australian Edition,3, p.57. Jochem, K., Scott, C.A. and Stuckman, C.L., 2015. Case-Based Nursing Peer Review Using Just Culture Principles. Kitson, A., Marshall, A., Bassett, K. and Zeitz, K., 2013. What are the core elements of patient?centred care? A narrative review and synthesis of the literature from health policy, medicine and nursing.Journal of advanced nursing,69(1), pp.4-15. 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